linux:storage
Table of Contents
Linux storage
This page contains my personal notes on Linux filesystems, partitioning, backups, performance tuning, and related concepts. Warning: these notes are specific to my own non-critical systems and may not be applicable in general use cases.
Update: Due to a a number of stability issues I've returned to using KDE neon on my work laptop. Nod to the KDE devs for maintaining a stable rolling release distro. The general principles still apply to any modern distro.
Partitioning for Ubuntu 19.04 workstations
I'm currently the following configuration on my Dell Precision 5520 notebook computer:
- 256GB NVMe drive
- 256MiB EFI partition as a raw FAT partition
- 512MiB /boot partition as a raw ext4 partition
- the rest of the disk is configured as an LVM PV consuming 92% of the drive
- this currently contains one volume group with two logical volumes, 16GiB for swap (to allow hibernate) and the remaining space is used for /
Initializing partitions using gparted
GNU parted manual: https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/parted.html#Using-Parted-1
parted /dev/nvme0n1 print # check to see what's already on the disk before you do anything else mklabel gpt unit MiB # use binary format units when partitioning mkpart efi fat32 1MiB 257MiB # align the first block mkpart boot ext4 257MiB 769MiB mkpart lvm-pv0 ext4 769MiB 92% # finish the LVM pv at 92% capacity
If this worked you will see something like this when you print the partition table
(parted) print Model: PC401 NVMe SK hynix 256GB (nvme) Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 256GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 269MB 268MB ext4 efi msftdata 2 269MB 806MB 537MB boot 3 806MB 236GB 235GB lvm-pv0 lvm
As far as I can tell parted can't label volumes as Linux LVM, so I do that using fdisk.
root@kubuntu:~# fdisk /dev/nvme0n1 Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.33.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3 Partition type (type L to list all types): 31 Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors Disk model: PC401 NVMe SK hynix 256GB Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 14779AE7-C2BB-4F6A-9F6E-A927FAF7AAFB Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 526335 524288 256M Microsoft basic data /dev/nvme0n1p2 526336 1574911 1048576 512M Linux filesystem /dev/nvme0n1p3 1574912 460107775 458532864 218.7G Linux LVM Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
Create filesystems and LVM structure
pvcreate /dev/nvme0n1p3 vgcreate vg0 /dev/nvme0n1p3 lvcreate -n swap0 -L 16GiB vg0 lvcreate -n root -l 100%FREE vg0
If you did this correctly you should see the following
lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert root vg0 -wi-a----- 202.64g swap0 vg0 -wi-a----- 16.00g
linux/storage.txt · Last modified: 2019-08-10 19:04 by gabriel